我翻译的《穿越平行宇宙》已经上市

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穿越平行宇宙
Max Tegmark, 汪婕舒（译者）
湛庐文化
June 15, 2017
436

《彗星来的那一夜》《蝴蝶效应》《银河系漫游指南》《奇异博士》等众多烧脑科幻大片争相借鉴的主题——平行宇宙！在另外某个星球、甚至某个不同的宇宙中，存在另外一个甚至无数个你，过着与现在完全不同的生活，在那里，逝去的挚爱仍然还在，某个不可挽回的错误还未曾发生……
平行宇宙理论世界级研究权威——迈克斯·泰格马克教授告诉我们，这一切都可能发生！苍茫宇宙可分为四层多重宇宙，每一层多重宇宙又包含无数层平行宇宙。也就是说，所有已经发生的和即将可能发生的，都有可能在不同平行宇宙中重演！而生命、宇宙和万物的终极问题的答案也隐藏其中！

康德说，“有两样东西，我们愈经常持久地加以思索，它们就愈使心灵充满日新又新、有加无以的景仰和敬畏：在我之上的星空和居我心中的道德法则。”在翻译本书的过程中，这句话时常出现在我的脑海中。因为这两样令人景仰和敬畏之物，正是本书的中心课题。[……]

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The Singularity Is Not Near, But Why?

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The technological singularity is a hypothesized time in the near future where machine intelligence surpasses humans. Many people consider it a threat to humanity while others think it will augment humans to a much higher level, physiologically and psychologically. In this paper, I review the state of the art of computing and conclude that singularity will not happen in the near future because of the physical limits of silicon-based computing paradigm. Alternative paradigms are not promising enough to drive the observed exponential growth into the future. Even if artificial general intelligence is possible in the future, it is unnecessary to worry about the bad AI scenario. Instead, we need to worry about the stupidity of machines. AI-related research should be encouraged in order to find the real problems and their solutions. In order to regulate AI, we can treat them as legal persons like companies.[……]

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How Will AI Impact Jobs?

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Today, AI is advancing so fast that it beats people in many tasks. Concerns are raised whether AI will take our jobs in the future. In this paper, I reviewed recent AI progress and potential. Then I discuss AI’s impact on employment, including employment rate, wages, employment structure, and the nature of work. My opinion is AI will definitely cause technological unemployment, but not all jobs at risk will actually be substituted. Besides, AI will raise the wages of people who complement AI but reduce overall average wages, increasing inequality. Middle-class employment will decline, pushing workers down the occupational ladder or even out of work. In addition, AI will change the nature of work as well as the workers’ skills as more and more cognitive efforts are offloaded onto AI-related technologies.[……]

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From Technological Determinism to the Future Growth

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I once was a technological optimist and technological determinist. Until recently, I discovered many interesting opinions. This paper is my reflection on the readings so far. First, I discuss the disadvantage of determinism. Then, I use a taxi example to demonstrate why policymakers tend to be technologically deterministic. After that, I show a physicist’s view that sociology is so complex that it can’t be determined by only one factor. Then I discuss the politics in technology and predict that technologies will continue to promote economic growth but at a slower pace.[……]

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Band in Your Hand: De-blackboxing GarageBand

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GarageBand is a music software for Apple devices such as iPhone and iPad. It has a library of sound effects and can be used to create songs with multiple audio tracks. In this paper, I discuss the design principles in GarageBand, such as modularity, affordance, and constraint. I also examine whether GarageBand fulfills Alan Kay’s vision of meta-media.[……]

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My Personal History of Abacus: From Physical to Mental

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I’d like to talk about abacus—an ancient cognitive artifact that is still widely used in China. I began learning abacus to do arithmetic since I was six and interestingly, as time went on, there emerged a virtual abacus in my mind every time I need to calculate, which directly manifests the ideal-material-duality of artifacts mentioned by John Dewey, Marx, and Hegel.[……]

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